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(Tom's Hardware) Interesting Torvalds' law: The size of Linux doubles every 24 months   (tomshardware.com) divider line 64
More: Interesting, Linus Torvalds, file systems, wildebeests, source codes, Linux distros, linux, bloatware, Hewlett-Packard  
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4029 clicks; posted to Geek » on 16 Jan 2012 at 2:27 PM   |  Favorite    |   share:  Share on Twitter share via Email Share on Facebook   more»   |    Get this fabulous T-Shirt and impress the methane out of your friends! shirt it!



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2012-01-16 11:39:53 AM
When hackers abandon the KISS method, you know shiat is starting to hit the fan
 
2012-01-16 12:31:59 PM
This is a monolithic problem.
 
2012-01-16 12:38:16 PM
"three quarters of the Linux kernel code are drivers"

One thing I never understood about Linux.
 
2012-01-16 01:37:55 PM
DarnoKonrad: One thing I never understood about Linux.

It's because, as BKITU points out, Linux went the monolithic kernel route. There are good reasons why- it's easier to design, it's faster, and it's easier to maintain- up to a certain point. The downside is that everything at the OS level runs inside of the main kernel thread.
 
2012-01-16 02:39:14 PM
I doubt that the Linux community will ever split the kernel up. It would take something disastrous to force that.
 
2012-01-16 02:39:26 PM
The first release of Linux had just 10,000 lines of code, while version 1.0.0 had grown to 176,250 lines by March 1994. In 2001 or about a decade ago, the Linux kernel (2.4) had about 2.4 million lines of code.

Does it really matter how many lines there are? If most of those lines get ignored with compile-time switches, they don't really increase the size of the binary.

while there are plenty of comments and blank lines as well.

IMHO, the fact that they're even counting those as lines is pretty odd.
 
2012-01-16 02:39:42 PM
I bet they wish their install base worked the same way eh?

/Year of the linux desktop!
 
2012-01-16 02:40:07 PM
t3knomanser: The downside is that everything at the OS level runs inside of the main kernel thread.

The Linux kernel shares the same memory address space. It's been preemptive by default for years.
 
2012-01-16 02:44:46 PM
ProfessorOhki: IMHO, the fact that they're even counting those as lines is pretty odd.

odd? or way-better than the comment-less, source-less OTHER kernel that most people run? Seriously, that other kernel has binaries that they've lost source for.
 
2012-01-16 02:45:16 PM
beer4breakfast: The Linux kernel shares the same memory address space. It's been preemptive by default for years.

Yeah, I shouldn't have said "thread", but my brain was stuck in that mode this morning. The point is, everything has to be loaded into the same memory space, and everything is sharing the same namespace as well- calls are resolved to other kernel modules and are never resolved to something outside of the kernel. Which requires a huge amount of coordination among module programmers.

ampoliros: I doubt that the Linux community will ever split the kernel up. It would take something disastrous to force that.

It would be such a radical change that I wouldn't even call the end result Linux. It'd be a worthy use of the resources going into Linux.
 
2012-01-16 02:46:52 PM
DarnoKonrad: "three quarters of the Linux kernel code are drivers"

One thing I never understood about Linux


we're designing code to fit hardware. we should start purchasing hardware to fit code.
 
2012-01-16 02:49:41 PM
utah dude: ProfessorOhki: IMHO, the fact that they're even counting those as lines is pretty odd.

odd? or way-better than the comment-less, source-less OTHER kernel that most people run? Seriously, that other kernel has binaries that they've lost source for.


Huh? I'm saying it's odd they'd even include blank lines and comments in a line count of the code. If you take a block of code and double the number of comments, you didn't make it more complex; if anything you made it less complex and more maintainable (to a point). Not sure what you think I'm saying.
 
2012-01-16 02:49:50 PM
utah dude: DarnoKonrad: "three quarters of the Linux kernel code are drivers"

One thing I never understood about Linux

we're designing code to fit hardware. we should start purchasing hardware to fit code.


I take it you don't game on a PC? ;)
 
2012-01-16 02:51:47 PM
Wow, imagine that, as the amount of hardware it supports increases the lines of code go up to. Who woulda thunk it?

And then you can compile your own kernel and only include the code you actually need. What a world we live in.
 
2012-01-16 02:52:58 PM
BumpInTheNight: utah dude: DarnoKonrad: "three quarters of the Linux kernel code are drivers"

One thing I never understood about Linux

we're designing code to fit hardware. we should start purchasing hardware to fit code.

I take it you don't game on a PC? ;)


Um, why do you think video card boxes say "Supports Microsoft DX#" rather than MS having to build video card-specific drivers into DX for every card on the market? Hint - hardware to fit code.
 
2012-01-16 02:59:48 PM
Much like the average Linux user.
 
2012-01-16 03:03:32 PM
ProfessorOhki: BumpInTheNight: utah dude: DarnoKonrad: "three quarters of the Linux kernel code are drivers"

One thing I never understood about Linux

we're designing code to fit hardware. we should start purchasing hardware to fit code.

I take it you don't game on a PC? ;)

Um, why do you think video card boxes say "Supports Microsoft DX#" rather than MS having to build video card-specific drivers into DX for every card on the market? Hint - hardware to fit code.


? Thanks for stating the obvious? I was making a joke about how games for PCs sometimes require ridiculous hardware just to run at a decent clip and you're bringing up how Directx also insists upon hardware specs to function properly...so yah, thanks, I guess.
 
2012-01-16 03:11:04 PM
BumpInTheNight: ProfessorOhki: BumpInTheNight: utah dude: DarnoKonrad: "three quarters of the Linux kernel code are drivers"

One thing I never understood about Linux

we're designing code to fit hardware. we should start purchasing hardware to fit code.

I take it you don't game on a PC? ;)

Um, why do you think video card boxes say "Supports Microsoft DX#" rather than MS having to build video card-specific drivers into DX for every card on the market? Hint - hardware to fit code.

? Thanks for stating the obvious? I was making a joke about how games for PCs sometimes require ridiculous hardware just to run at a decent clip and you're bringing up how Directx also insists upon hardware specs to function properly...so yah, thanks, I guess.


I see what you were going for now. I read it more along the lines of a ill-informed, "you must not play games, because then you'd know Windows doesn't need to do that shiat," while ignoring that the hardware IS designed to work with a common software platform.

Failure on my part.
 
2012-01-16 03:12:17 PM
I think there may need to come a time for a general reaping of features in the kernel. Linux shouldn't have two different sound frameworks, five different schedulers, three different ways of stacking filesystems, two different cryptography frameworks, three different ways of managing /dev, two ways of doing file change notification, and so on...

Throughout the history of Linux, people have come in and added new major features. Take sound frameworks - the kernel has support for both ALSA and OSS, as well as some old one-off stuff from the mid-90s. Why? When ALSA came along, they should have (IMHO) deprecated OSS, and ripped it out completely after a year or so. So much of the complexity of Linux is because there's sometimes five or six different features serving the exact same purpose but doing it differently.

I get having different process scheduling algorithms - the scheduling needs of a server are different than that of a desktop. I don't get why there's six different ways of managing /dev.

Early User Space is another good example - inirtd and initramfs. Everyone is switching to initramfs, but initrd will be supported until the heat death of the universe. It shouldn't be. They serve the same purpose, and initrd, AFAIK, doesn't offer any advantages over initramfs, so drop the older one after a release cycle.

Keeping features around forever, especially when essentially everyone has picked exactly one to be the standard, results in massive problems for the size of the kernel. In the modern kernel's history (say, since 2.2.0 or 2.4.0), has a major feature that is older ever been removed? Or even deprecated?

(There's also a lot of things implemented in the kernel that should be in user space, but I digress.)
 
2012-01-16 03:14:46 PM
utah dude: DarnoKonrad: "three quarters of the Linux kernel code are drivers"

One thing I never understood about Linux

we're designing code to fit hardware. we should start purchasing hardware to fit code.


You apple fanatics need to go into your own thread.
 
2012-01-16 03:14:53 PM
ProfessorOhki: I see what you were going for now. I read it more along the lines of a ill-informed, "you must not play games, because then you'd know Windows doesn't need to do that shiat," while ignoring that the hardware IS designed to work with a common software platform.

Failure on my part.


All good, I probably should have gone with the tried and true "I take it you've never played Crysis?"
 
2012-01-16 03:15:07 PM
Oh Linux - you are an endless source of amusement for me.
 
2012-01-16 03:22:11 PM
"Now there's lih-nux or lie-nux,
I don't know how you say it,
or how you install it, or use it, or play it,
or where you download it, or what programs run,
but lih-nux, or lie-nux, don't look like much fun.

However you say it, it's getting great press,
though how it survives is anyone's guess,
If you ask me, it's a great big mess,
for elitist, nerdy shmucks.

"It's free!" they say, if you can get it to run,
the Geeks say, "Hey, that's half the fun!"
Yeah, but I got a girlfriend, and things to get done,
the Linux OS SUCKS.
(I'm sorry to say it, but it does.)"

~Every OS Sucks

/some less than others
//just having fun
 
2012-01-16 03:22:37 PM
t3knomanser: DarnoKonrad: One thing I never understood about Linux.

It's because, as BKITU points out, Linux went the monolithic kernel route. There are good reasons why- it's easier to design, it's faster, and it's easier to maintain- up to a certain point. The downside is that everything at the OS level runs inside of the main kernel thread.




Is the GNU's Hurd built like that too?
 
2012-01-16 03:23:31 PM
Two more general points about Linux on the desktop:

* Everyone seems to hate GNOME 3. I think that it's about time the Free Software movement stopped emulating Windows and started actually innovating. Once I got the hang of it, I have to say GNOME 3 is the best desktop experience I've ever had. Yeah, it's different from everything else - it's not mimicking systems that came out in 1984 and 1995; it's actually trying to do the right thing.

* People who write open source software really need to get better and naming things. The most popular image manipulation program is called The GIMP. Anyone who's seen Pulp Fiction or, I don't know speaks English, motherfarker would think that's a stupid and potentially offensive name for a piece of software. What's worse is Gigolo, installed by default on several Linux distributions. It automounts filesystems. It's also named after male prostitutes. Anyone who installs a Linux-based operating system and starts looking at the installed software and sees "GIMP" and "Gigolo" and "Brain fark Scheduler" there...they're not going to take that system seriously, regardless of their technical merits.

(Okay, not technically about the Linux kernel, except for the Brain fark Scheduler part. Sorry.)
 
2012-01-16 03:50:59 PM
Linus expresses valid concerns about complexity and future development and maintenance.

Bloat is an inevitability for any software (like Linux) that tries to be everything for everyone, from supercomputers to digital watches. You don't need all 15 million lines to make a working kernel for a specific system -- yet building a custom kernel (which I used to do) is such a pain for so little practical gain.

Today, I just use the stock kernels that come with my Linux-based distros.
 
2012-01-16 04:01:25 PM
Lord Dimwit: * People who write open source software really need to get better and naming things. The most popular image manipulation program is called The GIMP. Anyone who's seen Pulp Fiction or, I don't know speaks English, motherfarker would think that's a stupid and potentially offensive name for a piece of software. What's worse is Gigolo, installed by default on several Linux distributions. It automounts filesystems. It's also named after male prostitutes. Anyone who installs a Linux-based operating system and starts looking at the installed software and sees "GIMP" and "Gigolo" and "Brain fark Scheduler" there...they're not going to take that system seriously, regardless of their technical merits.

I don't know. Slightly unprofessional nomenclature isn't completely uncommon in the programming world. Though, some just overdo it: https://love2d.org/wiki/Category:Libraries

/no hyperlink because Fark is being a jerk.
 
2012-01-16 04:03:19 PM
ProfessorOhki: Lord Dimwit: * People who write open source software really need to get better and naming things. The most popular image manipulation program is called The GIMP. Anyone who's seen Pulp Fiction or, I don't know speaks English, motherfarker would think that's a stupid and potentially offensive name for a piece of software. What's worse is Gigolo, installed by default on several Linux distributions. It automounts filesystems. It's also named after male prostitutes. Anyone who installs a Linux-based operating system and starts looking at the installed software and sees "GIMP" and "Gigolo" and "Brain fark Scheduler" there...they're not going to take that system seriously, regardless of their technical merits.

I don't know. Slightly unprofessional nomenclature isn't completely uncommon in the programming world. Though, some just overdo it: https://love2d.org/wiki/Category:Libraries

/no hyperlink because Fark is being a jerk.


I think "gimp" and "gigolo" are a bit worse than "LOVE" and "LUBE". :)
 
2012-01-16 04:04:03 PM
Lord Dimwit: * People who write open source software really need to get better and naming things. The most popular image manipulation program is called The GIMP. Anyone who's seen Pulp Fiction or, I don't know speaks English, motherfarker would think that's a stupid and potentially offensive name for a piece of software. What's worse is Gigolo, installed by default on several Linux distributions. It automounts filesystems. It's also named after male prostitutes. Anyone who installs a Linux-based operating system and starts looking at the installed software and sees "GIMP" and "Gigolo" and "Brain fark Scheduler" there...they're not going to take that system seriously, regardless of their technical merits.

If you're dumb enough to judge a book by the cover, you're too dumb to run Linux in the first place. So there's no problem, really.
 
2012-01-16 04:12:49 PM
MrEricSir: Lord Dimwit: * People who write open source software really need to get better and naming things. The most popular image manipulation program is called The GIMP. Anyone who's seen Pulp Fiction or, I don't know speaks English, motherfarker would think that's a stupid and potentially offensive name for a piece of software. What's worse is Gigolo, installed by default on several Linux distributions. It automounts filesystems. It's also named after male prostitutes. Anyone who installs a Linux-based operating system and starts looking at the installed software and sees "GIMP" and "Gigolo" and "Brain fark Scheduler" there...they're not going to take that system seriously, regardless of their technical merits.

If you're dumb enough to judge a book by the cover, you're too dumb to run Linux in the first place. So there's no problem, really.


Also, people who write open source software need to get better about calling their users dumb.
 
2012-01-16 04:16:14 PM
Lord Dimwit: * Everyone seems to hate GNOME 3. I think that it's about time the Free Software movement stopped emulating Windows and started actually innovating. Once I got the hang of it, I have to say GNOME 3 is the best desktop experience I've ever had. Yeah, it's different from everything else - it's not mimicking systems that came out in 1984 and 1995; it's actually trying to do the right thing.

No. Gnome 3 sucks. It may eventually have enough available extensions to be possibly configured to suck less, but it sucks. Unity is better than Gnome 3 and Unity sucks too.

It's about time the Free Software movement stop trying to be all "we're not Windows" and get over its fear of mimicking the features of Windows and Mac that work. If they want to innovate on top of that, then fine. But start with what is known to work and work well, and improve on that. Lately the only "innovation" I've seen can be summarized as "hey, let's remove as many useful options as possible" and "ooh, look, all the buttons are on the left now".

/my KDE taskbar looks almost identical to my windows 7 taskbar and it's awesome and it works.
 
2012-01-16 04:20:04 PM
Lord Dimwit: Also, people who write open source software need to get better about calling their users dumb.

Also, people who read my comments need to get better about reading what I actually said.
 
2012-01-16 04:22:05 PM
jonny_q: No. Gnome 3 sucks. It may eventually have enough available extensions to be possibly configured to suck less, but it sucks. Unity is better than Gnome 3 and Unity sucks too.

It's about time the Free Software movement stop trying to be all "we're not Windows" and get over its fear of mimicking the features of Windows and Mac that work. If they want to innovate on top of that, then fine. But start with what is known to work and work well, and improve on that. Lately the only "innovation" I've seen can be summarized as "hey, let's remove as many useful options as possible" and "ooh, look, all the buttons are on the left now".

/my KDE taskbar looks almost identical to my windows 7 taskbar and it's awesome and it works.


Exactly. Add on top of the structure of the GUI that has worked for decades.

And then let people add/remove the non-standard features.

The first thing I do when installing Windows, it strip it down to the Windows classic theme. I don't want toolbars, app lists that look like a mobile phone, transparent windows. I don't like shiny things.

But then, sure, I'm all into some of the actually helpful new features. The Windows 7 "search everything" box in the Start menu is awesome.

Also, if you want to convert people... you need to mimic what they're used to. Out of muscle memory (using Windows since 1992)... I find it impossible to use a Mac or Linux. And if I can work very, very quickly... I get frustrated.

What more can you add? Serious question...
 
2012-01-16 04:27:54 PM
Why doesn't someone come out with a GUI that is almost exactly like Windows?

I'd almost certainly install Linux for my 70 year old father. All he does is email, surf the web, download music. I'd love the added security do I don't have to keep re-installing Windows every year because its riddled with viruses.
 
2012-01-16 04:33:57 PM
downstairs: Why doesn't someone come out with a GUI that is almost exactly like Windows?

They did.
 
2012-01-16 04:35:11 PM
DarnoKonrad: t3knomanser: DarnoKonrad: One thing I never understood about Linux.

It's because, as BKITU points out, Linux went the monolithic kernel route. There are good reasons why- it's easier to design, it's faster, and it's easier to maintain- up to a certain point. The downside is that everything at the OS level runs inside of the main kernel thread.



Is the GNU's Hurd built like that too?


I think Hurd is still mostly UNDER-CONSTRUCTION.GIF files.
 
2012-01-16 04:43:45 PM
downstairs: Why doesn't someone come out with a GUI that is almost exactly like Windows?

I'd almost certainly install Linux for my 70 year old father. All he does is email, surf the web, download music. I'd love the added security do I don't have to keep re-installing Windows every year because its riddled with viruses.


Get KDE. You may have to tweak it a bit getting started, but once it's set, it's fine. Like I said, my KDE looks very close to windows 7. The "search everything" start menu is pretty much the same, too.
 
2012-01-16 04:49:32 PM
linuxpyro: downstairs: Why doesn't someone come out with a GUI that is almost exactly like Windows?

They did.


Wow, thanks. I'll check that out. I searched for something like this years ago and found nothing close.
 
2012-01-16 04:52:09 PM
Vista was 23 million lines of code iirc.

Linux has a looooooong way to go.
 
2012-01-16 04:55:26 PM
Lord Dimwit: * Everyone seems to hate GNOME 3. I think that it's about time the Free Software movement stopped emulating Windows and started actually innovating. Once I got the hang of it, I have to say GNOME 3 is

I agree with this. My complaint is that the extensions are and were an afterthought to the developers of Gnome 3. The extensions are what made it customizable to my environment and fixed what I perceive as bad design decisions on their part. And the fact that extensions aren't included in the product itself, but are on a special webpage that is mentioned nowhere.....

All that said, now, I can't live without Gnome3. In fact, when I have to use Windows, I end up customizing it to respond to the same behaviors as gnome 3.
 
2012-01-16 05:03:18 PM
Yaxe: Vista was 23 million lines of code iirc.

Linux has a looooooong way to go.


Vista includes a windowing system and a ton of applications; Linux is just a kernel. I bet when you add in X.org, a comparable desktop environment, all the userspace daemons that make things work (power management, logging, and so on), you're probably added another 1 or 2 million lines of code. And I bet if you took out drivers from both systems, they'd be really close.
 
2012-01-16 05:12:50 PM
DarnoKonrad: Is the GNU's Hurd built like that too?

Hurd's goal is to be a microkernel, which means that the various kernel modules are true modules and communicate via IPC (instead of shared memory).

Impasse: I think Hurd is still mostly UNDER-CONSTRUCTION.GIF files.

And it will never be finished. You'll see meaningful results of other L4 projects first (HURD is using L4 last I checked).
 
2012-01-16 05:32:15 PM
Lord Dimwit: Vista includes a windowing system and a ton of applications;

That right there is more than enough reason why Linux is better than anything MS can offer regardless of lines of code.
 
2012-01-16 05:59:54 PM
According to the sidebar, something else may be doubling in size.

media.bestofmicro.com
 
2012-01-16 06:23:39 PM
downstairs: Wow, thanks. I'll check that out. I searched for something like this years ago and found nothing close.

No problem, although personally I'm not sure I'd go for that myself. If you're going to introduce someone like that to a GNU/Linux distro, keep in mind that they're switching operating systems and that making things look more like XP won't magically make them all the same. Not that your dad will notice all that, but you might just check out a Gnome/KDE type distro (maybe Mint) first, and just go with the normal install of that. (Try it in a VM if you're curious.) That said, I haven't used XPde myself, and it might be pretty neat. At any rate it shouldn't be too hard to get it going on some distro (I don't know if anything includes it standard).

Dangl1ng: All that said, now, I can't live without Gnome3. In fact, when I have to use Windows, I end up customizing it to respond to the same behaviors as gnome 3.

In some thread a while ago I mentioned that Gnome 3 was a bit of a shock to me, and initially I didn't like it, but when I figured out how to adapt my workflow (start the terminal and other apps) I didn't really care. Now I kind of like it, although I still use Gnome 2 elsewhere. I do think it is slick, though, and I am glad to see them at least trying something different.

t3knomanser: DarnoKonrad: Is the GNU's Hurd built like that too?

Hurd's goal is to be a microkernel, which means that the various kernel modules are true modules and communicate via IPC (instead of shared memory).

Impasse: I think Hurd is still mostly UNDER-CONSTRUCTION.GIF files.

And it will never be finished. You'll see meaningful results of other L4 projects first (HURD is using L4 last I checked).


I played around with Debian/Hurd a little. It of course is not ready for production, but it has some neat features to it, and I have a feeling it will find a niche somewhere, maybe in some embedded system. I could see having the Debian userland in there being useful to someone.
 
2012-01-16 06:30:11 PM
linuxpyro: No problem, although personally I'm not sure I'd go for that myself. If you're going to introduce someone like that to a GNU/Linux distro, keep in mind that they're switching operating systems and that making things look more like XP won't magically make them all the same. Not that your dad will notice all that, but you might just check out a Gnome/KDE type distro (maybe Mint) first, and just go with the normal install of that. (Try it in a VM if you're curious.) That said, I haven't used XPde myself, and it might be pretty neat. At any rate it shouldn't be too hard to get it going on some distro (I don't know if anything includes it standard).

Yeah, I guess in the end as long as I can put shortcuts on the desktop... he's not really going to touch anything else.
 
2012-01-16 09:28:51 PM
Gnome and GNU/Linux will eventually consume itself, whatever that means.

One day, the BSDs will rule, as god intended.
 
2012-01-16 10:14:45 PM
downstairs: Why doesn't someone come out with a GUI that is almost exactly like Windows?

I'd almost certainly install Linux for my 70 year old father. All he does is email, surf the web, download music. I'd love the added security do I don't have to keep re-installing Windows every year because its riddled with viruses.


I already went that route with my folks, for the same reasons. No complaints so far.
Kubuntu works very well for them once I've set up shortcuts and whatnot. In fact I'm thinking about ditching my current distro for Kubuntu as well.
I also installed TeamViewer which makes dealing with any problems a breeze (mostly just stuff they can't find on their own).
 
2012-01-16 11:04:34 PM
ProfessorOhki: The first release of Linux had just 10,000 lines of code, while version 1.0.0 had grown to 176,250 lines by March 1994. In 2001 or about a decade ago, the Linux kernel (2.4) had about 2.4 million lines of code.

Does it really matter how many lines there are? If most of those lines get ignored with compile-time switches, they don't really increase the size of the binary.

while there are plenty of comments and blank lines as well.

IMHO, the fact that they're even counting those as lines is pretty odd.


The point isn't how big your binaries are, it's how much source code you have to go through to be able to get a grip on something as a developer.
 
2012-01-16 11:07:12 PM
It's more like the number of Linux distributions doubles every 24 months.
 
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