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(Financial Times)   If I understand this correctly, a High Roller (Paulson) asked a Bookie (Goldman Sachs) to find a sucker (Europe) to bet big on a horse (synthetic CDOs) that the HR was sure will lose. Nobody told the sucker he was a sucker until the horse lost   (ft.com) divider line 92
    More: Stupid, CDOs, horses, Securities and Exchange Commission, Goldman Sachs  
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1661 clicks; posted to Business » on 26 Apr 2010 at 11:03 AM   |  Favorite    |   share:  Share on Twitter share via Email Share on Facebook   more»



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2010-04-26 12:38:38 PM
I Said: Yeah, the difficulty is "when", but I'm thinking you can work that out with more transparency, perhaps? I mean, Lehman knew the end was near and was scrambling to prevent it and hide it. Further, the collapse happens so fast it's difficult to handle.

But if you could create a threshold and say "over this, you are too big to fail" and with that add regulatory practices such as additional transparency and additional auditing, all paid by the financial institution itself, then at least there's a chance to discover these problems a little earlier.

Or just limit leveraging, derivatives trading, and leveraging. Maybe leveraging, too.

Lastly, the % of assets investment firms can have tied up in each other, and block all trading and investing between companies that are deemed too big to fail, so as to prevent them from tearing each other down.

It sounds draconian but IMHO you need draconian measures at this point because any limits you impose will be fought by armies of lawyers looking for loopholes.


Yeah, I think the 'when' is the key problem. Like you said, the end comes too fast and if anybody in the government or rating agencies were smart enough to know exactly which firms would collapse and when they would collapse, they wouldn't be working for the government or the rating agencies.

I think you're right that there needs to be limitations on derivatives and exposures over a certain amount. Very difficult in the details, obviously.
 
2010-04-26 12:38:49 PM
Weaver95: i'm not sure we're going to see someone step up and do the right thing. call my cynical if you must, but I don't see any D.C. insider sacrificing their career to clean up wall street for the good of the nation. they're not known for their altruistic behavior!

So run for office yourself.
 
2010-04-26 12:39:53 PM

think about it. it makes perfect sense, once you realize that wall street is above the law and nobody in that world faces consequences for their actions.


Only because the government made them above the law. In 1975, the Feds made the big 3 ratings agencies the agencies of choice, killing off all their competition. Until then, they had no government sanction, so they were only valued for the quality of the rating they gave. After 1975, that changed. Misratings of this level would kill them off if it wasnt for the government backing.
 
2010-04-26 12:40:16 PM
Is he related to Paula Poundstone?
 
2010-04-26 12:40:37 PM
Ex Parte Gilligan: Weaver95: i'm not sure we're going to see someone step up and do the right thing. call my cynical if you must, but I don't see any D.C. insider sacrificing their career to clean up wall street for the good of the nation. they're not known for their altruistic behavior!

So run for office yourself.


No. that would be a Really Bad Idea.
 
2010-04-26 12:44:09 PM
Debeo Summa Credo: I think you're right that there needs to be limitations on derivatives and exposures over a certain amount. Very difficult in the details, obviously.

Thing is about this, it's quite difficult to impossible to gauge a public firm's exposure over any given time frame, and even more so when you consider how they can keep liabilities off book if bundled correctly, and etc. I still maintain that more effective disclosure requirements would solve much of this, as it'd let investors have a much better idea the possible downside any given firm has to adverse or black swan events. Might there be times when I feel safe (or am willing to risk) investing in a firm with 33:1 leverage on exotics? Maybe. I really would like to know this before I place my bets, though.
 
2010-04-26 12:45:31 PM
Weaver95: Ex Parte Gilligan: Weaver95: i'm not sure we're going to see someone step up and do the right thing. call my cynical if you must, but I don't see any D.C. insider sacrificing their career to clean up wall street for the good of the nation. they're not known for their altruistic behavior!

So run for office yourself.

No. that would be a Really Bad Idea.


Then STFU. Your "everything is ruined forever" crybaby routine is wearing thin.
 
2010-04-26 12:46:17 PM
I Said: Debeo Summa Credo: They actually invested in this deal themselves on the long side and took a big loss - they, as a firm, had no foreknowledge that the underlying securities were d*gshiat. They packaged the structure and presented it to investors to make their own decision - they weren't acting as investment advisor to either side here.

IF they (GS) were taking the long side, then why did they need the bailout of AIG to get their bet (insurance) on the short side?
 
2010-04-26 12:48:59 PM
Ex Parte Gilligan:

Then STFU. Your "everything is ruined forever" crybaby routine is wearing thin.


oh right - because telling me to shut up has worked SO WELL in the past....c'mon dude, you can do better than be 'internet tough guy'.

And lets face it - we ARE screwed. probably more screwed than this country has ever been before. there's a slim chance for us to get out from under the hammer fall, but i'm guessing we're not going to even try. Best we can do is delay the inevitable collapse.
 
2010-04-26 12:49:48 PM
Weaver95: SurfaceTension: Weaver95: Guysmiley: What I still don't get is how the rating agencies who rated those sub-prime craptastic CDOs as triple-A came out of this whole mess unscathed.

think about it. it makes perfect sense, once you realize that wall street is above the law and nobody in that world faces consequences for their actions.

Have you read The Big Short by Michael Lewis?

no, but it's on my list of books to read.


Read it along with The Greatest Trade Ever. It seems Paulson only cooperated with the author of that one, but Lewis got the others. Both are quite chatty but give the warp and weft of the thing reasonably well.
 
2010-04-26 12:52:41 PM
Weaver95: Ex Parte Gilligan:

Then STFU. Your "everything is ruined forever" crybaby routine is wearing thin.

oh right - because telling me to shut up has worked SO WELL in the past....c'mon dude, you can do better than be 'internet tough guy'.

And lets face it - we ARE screwed. probably more screwed than this country has ever been before. there's a slim chance for us to get out from under the hammer fall, but i'm guessing we're not going to even try. Best we can do is delay the inevitable collapse.


So do something about it. And me calling you on your whinging is hardly ITG-like typing. That's just me telling you that you need new material. We already have one GaryPDX, and do not need his mini-me flapping away, hey?

On second thought: You're right. We are screwed. You should set an example and start living off the grid.
 
2010-04-26 12:55:03 PM
Ex Parte Gilligan:
So do something about it.


Oh we're long past the point of no return. the only thing I could do would be to accelerate the trend.

might as well sit back and enjoy the ride. Besides, decaying and decadent societies throw GREAT 'end of the world' parties!
 
2010-04-26 12:58:55 PM
"Heads, I win. Tails, you lose"

No wonder these guys print money.
 
2010-04-26 01:02:00 PM
probably more screwed than this country has ever been before

Assyria
Babylon
Sumer
Greece (Alexandrian)
Rome
Britain

Empires come and go, dont see how we are more screwed than them.
 
2010-04-26 01:06:11 PM
People thought Paulson was a fool for betting against the rising housing markets.
They happily took the bets.
They lost.
They are now whining.

Here is a much more balanced view from Newsweek of all places:

http://www.newsweek.com/id/236936
 
2010-04-26 01:07:39 PM
Tjos Weel: probably more screwed than this country has ever been before

Assyria
Babylon
Sumer
Greece (Alexandrian)
Rome
Britain

Empires come and go, dont see how we are more screwed than them.


well collapse will be a new experience for us. the rest of the world is kinda used to it by now.
 
2010-04-26 01:10:12 PM

well collapse will be a new experience for us. the rest of the world is kinda used to it by now.


I dont know where your ancestors are from, but Im pretty sure there is long history of collapses in it.
 
2010-04-26 01:12:16 PM
dripping with sarcasm: I Said: Debeo Summa Credo: They actually invested in this deal themselves on the long side and took a big loss - they, as a firm, had no foreknowledge that the underlying securities were d*gshiat. They packaged the structure and presented it to investors to make their own decision - they weren't acting as investment advisor to either side here.

IF they (GS) were taking the long side, then why did they need the bailout of AIG to get their bet (insurance) on the short side?


They could have insured a portion of their long side bet. If their exposure is $3b, and they insure $2.9b, then they could still lose $100m.

I've read that they lost $90m on the deal.
 
2010-04-26 01:13:28 PM
Tjos Weel: well collapse will be a new experience for us. the rest of the world is kinda used to it by now.


I dont know where your ancestors are from, but Im pretty sure there is long history of collapses in it.


Ireland. thieves, brigands, smugglers and (apparently) some of them managed to get burned at the stake for witchcraft and heresy but I don't know how accurate that last story was and kinda take it with a grain of salt.
 
2010-04-26 01:20:36 PM
This fiasco reminds me more of an Abbott and Costello movie than The Sting. Innocence and guilt are often mixed together, or, if not innocence, at least a reasonable facsimile called "naïveté". The most evil players can also be the most naff and delusional. Guilt and gullibility are as alike as Tweedledum and Tweedledee.

Abbott and Costello always pay the small time hustlers who try to get the better of marks who usually turn out to be big time hustlers or gangsters. There are no innocent parties in the complicated scams and counter-scams in an Abbott and Costello movie, only the comic heroes and the baddies.

Few, if any of the actors in the financial crises exercised due diligence. And that includes the "victims". They all had some obligations they did not fulfill, including the financial press and the regulators and politicians.

The question is: how much inside dope did the High Roller and the Bookie have about the horse they so confidently tipped to the suckers, er, bettors?

To switch metaphors, if the CDOs were a gift-wrapped turd, who put the turd in the box?

Paulson & Co say they were up front about thinking that there is a turd in the gift-wrapped box. That may be true. But it could also be a technicality. A con-artist can be frank and upfront when it suits his purpose: he says, look at this beautifully gift-wrapped box. It must be a really expensive item, maybe a fur coat or jewels. Personally, I think it is a turd so I'm going to let you have it--cheap! I'm being nice to you because I have strong doubts about what is in the box and I'm not greedy. Why not spread the wealth around?

Greed and stupidity conspire to do the rest of the con artist's job.

The thing is, Paulson wanted to short the contents of the box. He went out of his way to find a buyer for the box via Goldman Sachs. Goldman Sachs is left holding the empty box, but the SEC's case is based on the belief that it was Paulson who put the turd in the box in the first place.

Above, one or two people defend Paulson by saying he did nothing illegal and that there's always a short and long position in any deal. But if he knew the horse was lame or that there was a turd in the box, he was acting on inside information and intentionally used Goldman Sachs as a front to sell a known dud as if it was a precious jewel. He put the turd the in the box.

I have no idea whether Paulson put the turd in the box, or whether he had inside information on the horse, or whether he conveyed to Goldman Sachs all the information that it was Goldman Sachs responsability to convey to the buyer.

But my instincts say that this is the way Wall Street works more often than not. My instinct says Paulson wanted to short the CDOs because he had figured out that there was a turd in the box or had put the turd in the box.

If Paulson & Co selected the stocks that they were shorting, they were well aware that they were worthless or at least incredibly, unconscionably risky.

A lot of the players in the derivatives and colaterolized debt markets had no idea what they were buying. They were suckers. A lot of the sellers may have been clueless about what they were selling. But in this instance, if the SEC is right about Paulson & Co selecting the securities that went into the synthetic CDO, he was not an innocent player or even a particularly naff one. He knew what he was shorting because he selected it.

In that case, he was looking, not for a partner in the dance, but a greater fool to buy something that was not worth its market price.

Either story could be true. He could have been "innocently" shorting something based on financial acumen and sound analysis or he could have been playing a classic con game.

I have no problem with short selling--except when it is fraudulent, it seems to be natural and useful on the whole. Things are often over-priced and driving the price down to healthy levels is not necessarily a bad thing, even if some people lose money. You have to be able to lose and gain in a free market. If the market is rigged so that one party can not lose, however, it is not a free market. It's a fool's game.

Here's another FT article with more detail on what Paulson and the SEC are saying about each other:

http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/61c497be-4cd3-11df-9977-00144feab49a.html

The FT limits views to 10 free views per month if you are not a subscriber, but basically Paulson admits that his research into what mortages would fail was really top notch (right down to the area code) and that he was open about his doubts in meetings with investors and in industry gatherings. He also points out that the company took open bearish positions. He also points out that, while he suggested 123 mortgage securities to be included in the deal, 55 of them were accepted and 68 of them were rejected. That amounts to claiming that Goldman Sachs, et alia knew what they were getting themselves in for, I think.

Much of these claims seem to boil down to "I was the short position and everybody knew it", which goes without saying. It does not prove or disprove anything.

Any hoo, I hope it all comes out in the wash.

I don't think Wall Street will ever change. The regulations get put into place after each new scandal or scam, each new market melt-down, but the regulators and the media are totally clueless or in the dark on deals far more dangerous and far bigger than the stock markets.

There are "dark pool" markets, for example, which are orders of magnitude greater than a day's trading on the exchanges of the world, and nobody really knows what is going on. They are like high stakes floating poker games where the players wear masks and have devices to disguise their voices so that nobody knows who they are playing with except the dealer.

Who needs conspiracy theories when $10 or $20 trillion changes hands each day in trades that are as anonymous as darkened back room sex in a sex club? That's more than the entire global economy! Sure, it is fairy gold, but when imaginary money disappears, it often sucks the real money into the black hole after it.

I think the one thing we can all agree on is that any financial regulations to come out of this will be feeble and insignificant no matter how earnestly the Administration tries to do right.

One theory about conspiracy theories is that they are comforting delusions which protect us from the horrible, horrible truth, which would kill us if we looked into its unshielded face.

Even in epiphanies, we see the truth, at best, like Moses, who saw God face to face, but only from behind, because the full frontal view of the Divine Awefulness would have crisperized him.
 
2010-04-26 01:38:18 PM
brantgoose

I only made it about half way thru that comment, but there was a fundamental problem early on. Paulson didnt need inside information to know it a turd in the box. He saw what was coming (and at that point, already happening) in the housing market, so any randomly collected section of that was going to be a turd. It was outsider information that was available to anybody.
 
2010-04-26 01:43:11 PM
brantgoose: basically Paulson admits that his research into what mortages would fail was really top notch (right down to the area code) and that he was open about his doubts in meetings with investors and in industry gatherings. He also points out that the company took open bearish positions. He also points out that, while he suggested 123 mortgage securities to be included in the deal, 55 of them were accepted and 68 of them were rejected. That amounts to claiming that Goldman Sachs, et alia knew what they were getting themselves in for, I think.

See, one could make a very good allegory for insider trading on this alone. Our stock market is built upon the premise that trades must be executed based upon publicly available information, and that's why we ban trading on private information. Assymmetries lead to inefficient outcomes, which is exactly what happened in this case; where's Joseph Stiglitz when you need him?

The solution seems simple - enforce insider-style regulations on derivatives trading. Personally, I think it should be tightened further to a requirement that credit default insurance should only be allowed to be held by a party (not to exceed) their long stake in the investment. CD insurance was meant to be that - insurance - not a way to play the damn horsies with other people's debt obligations.
 
2010-04-26 01:46:35 PM
Tjos Weel: brantgoose

I only made it about half way thru that comment, but there was a fundamental problem early on. Paulson didnt need inside information to know it a turd in the box. He saw what was coming (and at that point, already happening) in the housing market, so any randomly collected section of that was going to be a turd. It was outsider information that was available to anybody.


Except it wasn't randomly-collected, but designed to fail based upon his in-depth research. That information (the fact of the design) was insider to the clients that GS sold to; had it been disclosed, this would be a typical short bet and not really worthy of the SEC's attention.
 
2010-04-26 01:51:29 PM
Tjos Weel: brantgoose

I only made it about half way thru that comment, but there was a fundamental problem early on. Paulson didnt need inside information to know it a turd in the box. He saw what was coming (and at that point, already happening) in the housing market, so any randomly collected section of that was going to be a turd. It was outsider information that was available to anybody.


What the two books talked about above make clear is that people started forecasting around 2003 the mortgage implosion, that the bulk of their analytics went into both identifying which bonds would blow up, and most importantly when they would.
 
2010-04-26 01:56:52 PM
RsquaredW: Personally, I think it should be tightened further to a requirement that credit default insurance should only be allowed to be held by a party (not to exceed) their long stake in the investment. CD insurance was meant to be that - insurance - not a way to play the damn horsies with other people's debt obligations.

That's the one thing that always, always made me laugh about these things... that they did not have to have an insurable interest in anything to take out an insurance policy against them. That and maybe the counterparty to the contract should have to, I dunno... keep and maintain sufficient capital reserves so they can meet their obligations?
 
2010-04-26 02:09:29 PM
Guysmiley: What I still don't get is how the rating agencies who rated those sub-prime craptastic CDOs as triple-A came out of this whole mess unscathed.

This, this, a 100x this.
 
2010-04-26 02:18:05 PM
Debeo Summa Credo: dripping with sarcasm: I Said: Debeo Summa Credo: They actually invested in this deal themselves on the long side and took a big loss - they, as a firm, had no foreknowledge that the underlying securities were d*gshiat. They packaged the structure and presented it to investors to make their own decision - they weren't acting as investment advisor to either side here.

IF they (GS) were taking the long side, then why did they need the bailout of AIG to get their bet (insurance) on the short side?

They could have insured a portion of their long side bet. If their exposure is $3b, and they insure $2.9b, then they could still lose $100m.

I've read that they lost $90m on the deal.


Yeah, I would gleefully lose $90m if I could get $12BILLION DOLLARS!

http://www.dailyfinance.com/story/investing/aig-vs-goldman-insurer-may-match-se c s-fraud-suit-against-bank/19446616/
 
2010-04-26 02:27:15 PM
Ex Parte Gilligan: That and maybe the counterparty to the contract should have to, I dunno... keep and maintain sufficient capital reserves so they can meet their obligations?

Now you're just talking crazy. If Wall Street couldn't execute massively-leveraged operations on 2nd and 3rd-order derivatives, how would they keep themselves in $5k/hr hookers and blow?

But seriously, I don't have a problem with reasonable leverage, but the combination of cheap interest and bull mindsets created a system that would crash catastrophically no matter what reserve requirements you set in place. The win-now reward structure is, at the heart, the problem with our financial system. Everything else is just bandaids on the open wound with the bullet still inside.
 
2010-04-26 02:57:34 PM
dripping with sarcasm: Debeo Summa Credo: dripping with sarcasm: I Said: Debeo Summa Credo: They actually invested in this deal themselves on the long side and took a big loss - they, as a firm, had no foreknowledge that the underlying securities were d*gshiat. They packaged the structure and presented it to investors to make their own decision - they weren't acting as investment advisor to either side here.

IF they (GS) were taking the long side, then why did they need the bailout of AIG to get their bet (insurance) on the short side?

They could have insured a portion of their long side bet. If their exposure is $3b, and they insure $2.9b, then they could still lose $100m.

I've read that they lost $90m on the deal.

Yeah, I would gleefully lose $90m if I could get $12BILLION DOLLARS!

http://www.dailyfinance.com/story/investing/aig-vs-goldman-insurer-may-match-se c s-fraud-suit-against-bank/19446616/


The $90m is net loss on the Abacus deal. They got $12b in total on all deals they insured with AIG. What you don't understand is they lost money on the deals they insured, (they own a security and insure it, if the security is worthless they win on insurance but lose on the security itself). Can't tell what the total net gain or loss was, but they lost $90m on Abacus, as I understand it.
 
2010-04-26 03:07:27 PM
RsquaredW: I don't have a problem with reasonable leverage

Me neither, and I HATE DEBT!!! It's a reasonable tool. I just want better viz into when a firm uses it, and how much they use it vis-a-vis their revenue stream.
 
2010-04-26 03:53:20 PM
Weaver95: Ex Parte Gilligan:
So do something about it.

Oh we're long past the point of no return. the only thing I could do would be to accelerate the trend.

might as well sit back and enjoy the ride. Besides, decaying and decadent societies throw GREAT 'end of the world' parties!


Hookers are damn cheap in third world countries, too, so the decline isn't all bad.
 
jvl
2010-04-26 04:03:09 PM
A High Roller asked a Bookie to find the worst horse in the world to bet on and a sucker who would bet on it so the High Roller could bet against him.

Fortunately, the world was filled with morons who thought Horses never lose and Housing never goes down, so finding the sucker took less than five minutes. Hell, even Goldman probably though Horses never lose. Turns out they were wrong.

I see no crime.... except some issues involving deliberate information asymmetry. Given that the asymmetry was probably unnecessary to the bet, that was stupid.
 
2010-04-26 04:32:58 PM
Paulson simply took the other side of a swap on a derivative trade that reference a CDO. The guy opposite Paulson obviously knew that there was another dude making the exact opposite bet that he was. Nature of the beast.

/this whole situation has been drummed up to pass overhaul of financial regulation
//goldman will be just fine and back to drinking the tears of our children in short order
 
2010-04-26 04:45:51 PM
CokeBear: Every time I hear about this Paulson, I wonder if he has any relation to Henry Paulson...

Not officially, though I've heard they've had sex.
 
2010-04-26 04:50:10 PM
HAHA!

You're blindly trusting that the airplane you're flying in is in working order but in fact it's a patched together dud but it's your fault for not knowing advanced aeronautical physics and personally examining the inner structure YOURSELF! F**KING IDIOT!!!!! YOU DESERVE TO CRASH!!!! STUPID!!!!!
 
2010-04-26 05:34:59 PM
RockIsDead: HAHA!

You're blindly trusting that the airplane you're flying in is in working order but in fact it's a patched together dud but it's your fault for not knowing advanced aeronautical physics and personally examining the inner structure YOURSELF! F**KING IDIOT!!!!! YOU DESERVE TO CRASH!!!! STUPID!!!!!


u missed the part where the independent 3rd party (rating agency) tells you its in great shape.
 
2010-04-26 05:37:03 PM
RockIsDead: HAHA!

You're blindly trusting that the airplane you're flying in is in working order but in fact it's a patched together dud but it's your fault for not knowing advanced aeronautical physics and personally examining the inner structure YOURSELF! F**KING IDIOT!!!!! YOU DESERVE TO CRASH!!!! STUPID!!!!!


also in this case the buyers WERE sophisticated enough (or should have been) to make the call. if you sell 50 cars to a mechanic theres reasonable expectation the mechanic will know which are lemons. In this case the "mechanic" (ACA) had the discretion to throw out the ones they suspected were lemons.
 
2010-04-26 05:37:18 PM
Register FREE now for increased access

F*ck you, financial times.
 
2010-04-26 06:16:41 PM
Weaver95: Historically speaking, that's generally what happens. If we do nothing, eventually wall street will steal enough money from enough people that the imbalance will be blatantly obvious. And if the law doesn't do anything for the victims, eventually - once there are enough victims and when they're desperate enough - then things will take their natural course.

welcome to the human race.


Of course the answer to that is one that nobody is willing to admit. Remove the massive barriers to entry, let new firms form, and compete with the larger firms. Government due-diligence has a very poor track record. They gave Bernie Madolf their stamp of approval for gods sake.

Also, have a much smaller federal government so that there is nothing for the corporations to buy.
 
2010-04-26 06:34:00 PM
So, America crushed the EU with 1s and 0s within a banking system?

Ahem,

Link (new window)
 
2010-04-27 06:31:42 AM
But this can't be. I was sure that after Enron and Sarbanes-Oxley, our fearless leaders had everything all fixed.
 
2010-04-27 09:32:09 AM
Quiefenburger: Paulson simply took the other side of a swap on a derivative trade that reference a CDO. The guy opposite Paulson obviously knew that there was another dude making the exact opposite bet that he was. Nature of the beast.

You still have to reveal material facts or there would be no such thing as fraud.
 
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